The strengths of neurodiverse healthcare professionals 

By Kayla Iuliucci, MD, Johns Hopkins Medicine  

 

“You’re autistic?” my attending asked during my third year of residency, glancing at the vibrant pin on my lanyard that read autistic. “You don’t seem autistic.”  

 

But what does autism seem like to those who are neurotypical? What does neurodivergence in medicine look like? Despite being common, it’s still often misunderstood. 

 

Neurodivergence—a term used to describe brains that develop or function differently—includes autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), dyslexia, and sensory processing disorders, among others. These differences affect how people think, learn, communicate, interact, and process the world. 

 

In medicine, as in life, people thrive in diverse ways—and that includes how those who are neurodivergent process information, relate to others, and approach work. 

 

Here are some things to keep in mind when working with coworkers who are neurodivergent that will enhance the cohesiveness of a medical team. 

 

Strengths neurodivergent healthcare professionals may possess: 

 

1. Attention to detail

This enhances diagnostic accuracy, ensures precise documentation, and promotes patient safety. 

 

2. Creativity and innovative thinking

This supports the development of adaptable, patient-centered treatment plans. 

 

3. Deep empathy and honest communication

These foster trust between patients and clinicians, strengthen patient rapport, and encourage open dialogue. 

 

4. Strong problem-solving skills

This enables clinicians to approach complex cases with fresh perspectives and find effective solutions. 

 

5. Intense focus and dedication

This contributes to thorough clinical evaluations and continuity of care. 

 

 

Challenges neurodivergent healthcare professionals may face: 

 

1. Overstimulation and sensory sensitivity

This can be overwhelming in clinical environments, potentially affecting concentration and performance. 

 

2. Difficulty navigating rigid hierarchies or unspoken social norms

This may lead to miscommunication with colleagues, which can influence teamwork and care delivery. 

 

3. Have limited accommodations or support

Without necessary adjustments, clinicians may struggle to perform optimally, impacting their ability to provide high-quality care. 

 

4. Higher rates of anxiety, depression, burnout, and other mental health conditions

These can interfere with professional functioning and, ultimately, patient outcomes. 

 

5. Persistent stigma that keeps people from disclosing or seeking help

This can prevent authentic engagement with both patients and team members. 

 

Why it matters 

We know diversity of perspectives strengthens a medical team and thus patient care. We already recognize the value of cultural, religious, ethnic, and gender diversity—neurodiversity is just as essential. It brings fresh perspectives, fosters creative problem-solving, and deepens our understanding of both coworkers and patients. 

 

Neurodivergent healthcare professionals can also form meaningful, trusting connections with neurodivergent patients—helping them feel seen, understood, and supported. This can lead to more effective communication, better-informed care, and a more positive experience within the healthcare system. 

 

Equity doesn’t mean treating everyone the same—it means recognizing different paths to excellence—and making space for all of them. 

 

Moving forward, we can: 

 

1. Acknowledge neurodivergence as a real and meaningful aspect of diversity.

 

2. Educate ourselves on neurodiversity.

  

3. Prioritize inclusive communication and flexible learning environments.

 

4. Provide better mental health support.

 

5. Practice empathy, patience, and curiosity.

 

Finally, when we create a more neuroinclusive culture, we don’t just support our coworkers—we improve care for our patients and enrich the medical field as a whole. 

 

 

Click here to connect with the author on LinkedIn.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This piece expresses the views solely of the author. It does not necessarily represent the views of any organization, including Johns Hopkins Medicine.